Bibliometric analysis of decarbonization and technology diffusion in heavy-duty road freight transport : Trends, challenges and policy implications

Abstract

Abstract

The decarbonization of heavy-duty road transport has become an important research topic due to the sector’s high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This study provides a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on heavy-duty road transport decarbonization, with particular attention to alternative propulsion technologies, technology adoption, and market development. A Scopus-based search was conducted, followed by a screening process based on the PRISMA guidelines. The final dataset comprises 99 articles published between 2003 and 2026. Bibliometric analysis was performed using Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny to examine scientific production, citation impact, leading sources, countries, institutional affiliations, and keyword co-occurrence. The results show a marked increase in scientific production, particularly after 2020. The United States is the most represented country, followed by Germany and China, while Transportation Research Part D : Transport and Environment is the most productive source. Keyword analysis identifies three major thematic areas: hydrogen and fuel-cell technologies; electric vehicles and technology adoption; and emissions, alternative fuels, and decarbonization. Overall, the findings highlight the interdisciplinary and rapidly evolving nature of the field and reveal a significant geographical research gap concerning emerging economies, particularly African countries.

Keywords: Alternative fuels; Technology adoption; Electric trucks; Fuel-cell electric trucks; Greenhouse gas emissions.